Pengaruh Faktor Kimia Perairan Terhadap Daya Racun Amonia

Referensi :

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Borgmann, U. and Borgmann, A.I. 1997. Control of ammonia toxicity to Hyalella azteca by sodium, potassium and pH. Environmental Pollution, Vol. 95, Issue 3, pp. 325-331

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Brick, T. 2003. Developing a Citizen Water Quality Monitoring Program for the Arroyo Seco. Arroyo Seco Foundation. Los Angeles. 50 pp.

EPA. 1986. Quality Criteria for Water. EPA 440/5-86-001. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. 477 pp.

European Inland Fisheries Advisory Commission, 1969. Water quality criteria for Eurpoean freshwater fish--extreme pH values and inland fisheries, prepared by EIFAC Working Party on Water Quality Criteria for European Freshwater Fish. Water Research, 3:593.

Satyanarayana, S.K.V. and coauthors. 2008. Manage Book 25 C : Sustainable Fisheries Development. Block-II : Sustainable Open Water Fisheries Development. National Institute of Agricultural Extension Management (MANAGE). Andhra Pradesh. India. 197 pp.

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Weirich, C.R., Tomasso, J.R. and Smith, T.I.J. 1993. Toxicity of ammonia and nitrite to sunshine bass in selected environments. Journal of Aquaculture and Animal Health, Vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 64 – 72

Wicks, B. J., R. Joensen, Q. Tang, and D. J. Randall. 2002. Swimming and ammonia toxicity in salmonids: the effect of sub lethal ammonia exposure on the swimming performance of coho salmon and the acute toxicity of ammonia in swimming and resting rainbow trout. Aquatic Toxicology 59:55-69.

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